Agregátor RSS

Pokud smlouva počítá s tím, že splatnost určí věřitel fakturou či výzvou, promlčecí lhůta začne běžet až poté. Nejvyšší soud potvrdil, jak se pravidlo použije v praxi.

Vývoj aplikací pro počítače Atari s využitím cross assembleru CA65 není příliš komplikovaný. Vývoj totiž provádíme na PC se všemi jeho možnostmi. Pokusme se vrátit o 45 let zpět a použít Atari Assembler/Editor.

Ačkoli výrobce DRAM pamětí CXMT aktuálně dosahuje tržního podílu 6,7 %, aktuální růst tohoto segmentu jde za čínskou značkou téměř dvojnásobnou měrou, 11,3 %…

Systém Hermes společnosti Auriga Space v malém kontejneru poháněný nabíjitelnými bateriemi vypálil více než 10 projektilů rychlostí přesahující Mach 1 během testů v Mohavské poušti. Jak zdá, Hermes funguje pokud, jde o střelbu, ale otázkou samozřejmě zůstává, jak se osvědčí v ostré akci proti záludným dronům protivníka.

Jen hlupák se prý dvakrát spálí o stejná kamna. Jen hlupák anebo statistik. Já, ač statistik rozhodně nejsem a za hlupáka být považován nechci, se o horká kamna diskusí o očkování pálím opakovaně. A důvod? Tak zajímavá problematika, a tak málo rozumného přístupu...

Vědci pokořili rekord v pěstování lidských minimozků z kmenových buněk a dostali se na velmi slušných sedm let. Minimozky se během té doby dál vyvíjely a dozrávaly. To už dovoluje dlouhodobě studovat rozmanité poruchy jako je autismus nebo schizofrenie. Jestli mají vzpomínky nebo vědomí? Jaká je další otázka?

Létající větrná turbína systému SAWES model S4000 testovala těžbu elektřiny ve 4 kilometrech nad zemí, s celým provozním cyklem létajícího systému, od vzletu ze zemského povrchu až po řízený návrat na zem. Úspěšné testy otevírají dveře dalšímu vývoji létajících systému pro větrnou energetiku.

Like a sleeper cell awaiting activation, a never-before-seen Windows backdoor dubbed Sleepwalker waits silently in memory for one specifically crafted network packet to wake it up and deliver commands using the malware's 23-instruction language. The commands can do everything from running code directly in memory to moving data off the computer. Malware researcher Dominik Reichel discovered the passive backdoor, which also has its own command language, and detailed Sleepwalker in a technical analysis on Monday. “What makes it worth writing up is what that packet carries: not a readable command, but a short program written in a command language of the backdoor’s own design,” Reichel said. “Its 23 instructions cover scheduling, several ways to move data, staged file delivery and running code directly in memory. Recovering the encryption key is not enough to understand one of these programs. The internal command language must be reverse engineered as well.” In addition to having its own command language, it's also notable that the remote host can be a VMware VMCI target instead of a normal network address. “Taken as a whole, the approach here is consistent with a targeted, well-resourced operation rather than an opportunistic one,” Reichel wrote. The malware, hidden inside a 64-bit Windows DLL file, impersonates Microsoft's dpapi.dll, part of Windows' data protection API for protecting sensitive data. It exports the same seven functions as the real dpapi.dll, but attempts to forward calls to a file named dpapisvc.dll, which is not a real Windows component. The file also has a forged ESET Management Agent version resource, and loads via side-loading into ERAAgent.exe, the Windows executable for ESET Management Agent. After confirming that its host process is named ERAAgent.exe, Sleepwalker goes to sleep inside the computer's memory, which also helps it remain hidden from traditional anti-virus tools. Unlike most backdoors, which call back to an attacker-controlled command-and-control (C2) server and start receiving commands, Sleepwalker lies in wait, checking every packet that passes through the network looking for a specific pattern - this is called a magic packet. Once it sniffs out a packet that matches the exact pattern, the backdoor decrypts the data and treats it as a command. “Because the backdoor never sends anything out on its own and does not open any obvious listening port by default, tools that watch for connections to known-bad domains or unusual outbound traffic will not see anything unusual,” Reichel wrote. “The absence of outbound connections to known-bad infrastructure does not rule out an infection, either. A machine can be fully compromised by this backdoor while producing nothing at all for a network monitor to flag.” Hidden commands Every command sent to the backdoor is encrypted using AES-256-CCM, and the command language is unique in that, once decrypted, it is neither text nor a document. Instead, each command is a short sequence of raw bytes, and it only makes sense when read in a specific order. Reichel’s write-up includes a key that shows how to read the bytes, and each of Sleepwalker’s 23 instructions is written in this command language. Some of the instructions carry an inner program. For example, a scheduler can also contain a network listener, with a routine that waits for a particular file to be assembled and checked before it will run on the compromised computer. Beyond the two magic-packet sniffing instructions and basic instructions - such as an exit command that stops all running programs and the packet listener, and an instruction that starts a second, smaller program running concurrently with the parent program - the backdoor has multiple others. These include four instructions on sending and hiding data. One of these opens a TCP connection to a chosen address and port, and then sends a block of data to a remote host, which can be a VMware VMCI target instead of a normal network address. Another one writes a block of data to a Windows named pipe on a chosen computer, and can optionally log in with a username and password first. Five other instructions focus on inbound task reception, such as waiting to receive - or reaching out on its own - a follow-up instruction, opening a TCP or UDP port, or creating and/or connecting to a named pipe. Additionally, the malware has five different instructions on building and running programs. A lot of unknowns…and detection tools As Reichel notes, however, a lot remains unknown about Sleepwalker. “I have no collection context tying the file to a confirmed intrusion, so I cannot identify a victim, industry, country or affected organization,” he wrote. While we know that the DLL is designed to execute via side-loading after being placed beside ERAAgent.exe, we don't know how the malware operator first gained access to the computer or delivered the malicious file. We also don’t know the operator or developer, or what post-compromise activity, if any, took place. “I found no related code that would support attribution to a known group, and this one sample cannot establish when or how widely Sleepwalker was deployed, whether variants exist or whether it belongs to a continuing campaign,” Reichel wrote. Perhaps most importantly, for anyone who believes that they may be infected with Sleepwalker or a related malware sample, Reichel wrote, “I have created a toolkit to help decode its bytecode, examine encrypted and network artifacts, summarize behavior and indicators and safely reproduce its receiving pipeline without executing commands or transmitting traffic,” urging targeted individuals to contact him. He also created a mitigation guide, with a remediation script for use after Sleepwalker is detected.®

An unpatched vulnerability in Calix GS7 XGS (GS5239XG) residential routers used by multiple U.S. broadband providers allows remote, unauthenticated attackers to create port-forwarding rules that can expose local network devices to the public internet. [...]

If you're curious how easily tech companies can fingerprint your browser and device and potentially single them out from the crowd, a new utility Glassbox will show you. Aside from pinging a public geolocation API, it runs entirely in a user’s browser and doesn’t ship any info out to the web while acting just like all the various trackers, anti-fraud scripts, and other browser fingerprinting tricks one is likely to encounter online. Unlike some other available tools that do the same, Glassbox provides a whole bunch of raw, unfiltered data you can sift through to see what makes your browser stand out, along with an estimate of how identifiable its fingerprint may be. In this vulture’s testing, Glassbox's estimate ranged from 99 percent in the Chrome window I use daily for work to a low of 56 percent in Tor Browser with an active circuit. “The ‘identifiability’ number is an honest model, not a measurement,” Glassbox developer David Dale said of his tool in a Hacker News thread. “It sums published per-signal entropy, discounts your browser masks, and caps at the ~33 bits needed to single out one person on Earth.” Dale added in the thread that, since it runs locally, that identifiability number is an estimate, as Glassbox doesn’t have a live population to pull against. AmIUnique and the EFF’s Cover Your Tracks, the other tools mentioned above, provide real population numbers, he noted. Dale got the idea for GlassBox after learning about silent sawtooth waves used by fingerprinting code found on Alibaba's AliExpress site to identify browsers using audio. Rather than fork one of the existing open source tools - both EFF's Cover Your Tracks and AmIUnique have GitHub repos - he decided to build his own, with some help from AI. “I'm a solo entrepreneur and long-time security engineer; tools like Claude Code have made it much easier to polish ideas and offer the useful ones to a wider audience,” Dale told us in an email. “I knew a fair number of fingerprinting methods but not that one, and I wanted to see all of them in one place, running against my own browser,” he said on Hacker News. In other words, Glassbox factors Alibaba’s tricks into its identifiability estimates alongside 30 other probes for unique browser data - things like canvas, WebGL, font libraries, WASM features, API matrices, and cross-site login states. According to Glassbox, my particular Chrome session I use for work is unique to around 1 in 7.6 billion browsers, and my IP address narrows that further (my ISP apparently uses IPv6, making me even more identifiable). As for which browsers appear to be safer, I have Safari, Edge, Firefox, and Tor on my machine alongside Chrome; Firefox and Tor are the only ones that didn’t label me “effectively unique,” giving me estimated identifiability ratings of 89 and 56 percent, respectively. What that means is that I share the same fingerprint as 1 in 681 million Firefox users and 1 in 408 thousand Tor users - that still doesn’t exactly make me a ghost online, but it definitely puts me in a pool much larger than Chrome, Edge, or Safari. Again, those are estimates, Dale reminded us, not a hard truth as, he says, “a no-server tool [can’t] measure true rarity.” “The single highest-impact move is to use a browser that puts you in a large, identical crowd,” Dale explained in an email. “Counterintuitively, a heavily customized ‘hardened’ setup often makes you more identifiable, because almost nobody else looks exactly like it. Blending in beats standing out.” Aside from using a browser that does a good job of obfuscating its user, Dale said a VPN or Tor is a must, as is finding a way to close the WebRTC leak that has long dogged internet users and leaves browsers identifiable through some VPNs thanks to being enabled by default in most web browsers. Glassbox includes a page of suggestions for how to anonymize yourself online, and let’s face it: With everything from invisible pixels to silent sound waves doing their damndest to figure out who’s behind a browser in order to make money off them, that’s more important than ever. ®

Hackers are attempting to exploit two critical authentication bypass vulnerabilities in the miniOrange SAML 2.0 Single Sign On plugin for WordPress that can be used to forge SAML responses and log in as administrators. [...]

Chinese retailer AliExpress has been caught fingerprinting visitors after one of the metrics—an outdated technique that measures inaudible sounds it sends to browsers—impeded a researcher's ability to use his bluetooth headphones.

Researcher Matthew Callaghan said he stumbled on the stealthy tracking by mistake. After loading the AliExpress homepage, audio from his phone stopped playing over his multipoint headphones, which accept connections from more than one device at a time. He set the headphones to play sounds from his phone except when his PC was producing audio. Each time he loaded AliExpress, the phone audio stopped. Each time he closed the tab the site was loaded into, the phone was once again audible.

Users can't hear it, but browsers can

While investigating the odd behavior, Callaghan said he found two highly obfuscated scripts. Together, they rendered a graph that analyzed the WebAudio readings of each visiting browser. This graph acted as an oscillator that measured Sawtooth waves, which are common in output from digital audio.

Read full article

Comments

Notes s předtištěnými kolonkami na hesla vypadá jako vtip z doby modemů. Než ho ale úplně odsoudíte, zkuste si odpovědět: kdo se k heslům reálně může dostat a před kým je uživatel chrání.

Notes s předtištěnými kolonkami na hesla vypadá jako vtip z doby modemů. Než ho ale úplně odsoudíte, zkuste si odpovědět: kdo se k heslům reálně může dostat a před kým je uživatel chrání.

The U.S. Department of Justice announced a $400 million settlement with TikTok, ByteDance, and affiliated companies over allegations that they violated the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). [...]

If your developers are using AI coding tools, you are probably already seeing the upside: faster development, more code, and less time spent on routine work. The harder part is what comes after. AI can also introduce open-source packages at a pace your security team was never built to handle. More dependencies mean more vulnerabilities to review, more remediation work, and a backlog that can

If your developers are using AI coding tools, you are probably already seeing the upside: faster development, more code, and less time spent on routine work. The harder part is what comes after. AI can also introduce open-source packages at a pace your security team was never built to handle. More dependencies mean more vulnerabilities to review, more remediation work, and a backlog that can [email protected]

Cybersecurity researchers have found that several websites are still actively distributing a malware family known as Weedhack to gamers by masquerading as Minecraft clients. McAfee Labs said it detected and blocked more than 6,300 attempts to access malicious sites, adding that it found lookalike gaming websites designed to mimic legitimate projects, including branding, feature lists, FAQs,